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Sometimes journalists fly out to the country every time there is something to report about or they live in the countries they report for.
An American local station or a national or international news company like CNN or BBC are two options for journalists to work for. Usually, they reside in the nation where their jobs are. For instance, BBC has US-based reporters who cover US national news from the District of Columbia, exactly like US reporters who frequently cover US national news from the White House or Congress. All major US cities and a large number of smaller towns have local affiliate stations that are connected to big national broadcasters like ABC, NBC, and CBS. They employ reporters to cover local and regional news in the field, as well as other reporters who work mostly in the studio as news anchors, producers, and directors. Many different nations employ freelance journalists who may or may not reside in the regions where they are working to provide news coverage for important organizations. Instead of establishing a regular home, they can choose to spend many months or years traveling while living out of a duffelbag and with only a few personal things. They could do regular employment for one or more businesses. There used to be more true national news organization personnel who were designated as "foreign correspondents" many years ago. Regular field reporting by the same foreign journalists who would be on longer assignments in a given nation or portion of the world was common, especially during prolonged wars like the one in Vietnam. A few years ago, the movie "Whiskey Tango Foxtrot" centered on three fictitious journalists covering a battle zone.
Thank you,
Eddie