Final answer:
Nucleic acids are the macromolecules that contain phosphorus within their phosphate groups and are one of the four major categories of biological macromolecules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of macromolecule that contains phosphorus as part of a phosphate group is nucleic acids. These biological macromolecules are essential for life and are comprised of four major categories: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Each category plays a critical role in cell structure and function, but nucleic acids are unique in that they include phosphorus in their structure, specifically within their phosphate groups.