Final answer:
The Muslim invaders were halted in the Battle of Tours by Charles Martel, a Christian leader. This battle took place in 732 AD in modern France and was a significant event in the historical conflict between Christianity and Islam.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Muslim invaders were halted in the Battle of Tours by Charles Martel, a Christian leader also known as 'the Hammer.' The Battle of Tours occurred in 732 AD in modern France and marked the end of Islamic conquest of Europe. However, the Muslims retained control of Spain, turning it into a significant learning and trade center with a focus on leather and wool production. Europe's repulse occurred within the larger context of wars between Christians and Muslims, notably the Reconquista in Spain and the Crusades centered on the Holy Land.
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