Question

PART A: Which of the following best identifies a central idea of this text? a) Bullying occurs as a simple interaction between a bully and the bully’s victim. b) Bullying harms the victim in various ways but the bully is harmed as well. c) Groups of students who support bullying contribute to its development. d) Bullies are insecure because they are failing to adapt to a new environment. PART B: Which quote from the text best supports the answer to Part A? a) "One notable gap in the evolving literature on bullying and victimization during early adolescence..." b) "Research indicates, for example, that toughness and aggressiveness are important status considerations..." c) "For example, changing from one school to another often leads to an increase in emotional and academic difficulties..." d) "Instead, recent studies and media reports suggest that there are groups of students who support their peers..." Which statement best identifies how the text describes the relationship between bullying and middle school? a) Bullying only begins to emerge in sixth grade and becomes strongest in eighth grade for boys and girls. b) Participation in bullying may be part of the process of adapting to the culture of middle school and changes by age and gender through eighth grade. c) The most serious form of bullying is common throughout middle school and remains a means to seek popularity through eighth grade. d) Bullying is common throughout middle school but does not become a means to seek popularity until eighth grade. What does the Peer Acceptance and Status section contribute to the author’s description of adolescents in the text? a) It positions teenagers as cruel, unfair, and very likely to become bullies. b) It highlights that teenagers begin to rely more on their peers for support. c) It reveals how teenagers lose superiority over others when they bully. d) It explains how bullying leads to increased social status for teenagers. How is paragraph 8 effective in supporting the development of ideas in this text? a) It provides statistical evidence for the prevalence of bullying in middle school. b) It offers a personal anecdote to illustrate the impact of bullying on victims. c) It introduces a new perspective on the motivations behind bullying. d) It discusses the role of peer support in bullying situations.

Answer 1

The central idea of the text is that bullying harms both the victim and the bully. Bullying negatively impacts adolescents' mental health and academic performance. Witnesses of bullying may also experience negative effects such as feeling powerless and guilty.

Step-by-step explanation:

The central idea of this text is option b) Bullying harms the victim in various ways but the bully is harmed as well. The text highlights the negative consequences of bullying for both the victim and the bystanders. Bullying negatively impacts adolescents by causing decreased mental health, underperformance in school, and potentially depressing thoughts. Witnesses of bullying may also experience negative effects such as feeling powerless, guilty, or fearful.

The quote from the text that best supports this central idea is option d) "Instead, recent studies and media reports suggest that there are groups of students who support their peers..." This quote suggests that bullying involves bystanders or witnesses who contribute to the development of bullying.

The text describes the relationship between bullying and middle school in option b) Participation in bullying may be part of the process of adapting to the culture of middle school and changes by age and gender through eighth grade. The text suggests that bullying is something that happens throughout middle school and that it can change depending on the age and gender of the individuals involved.

The Peer Acceptance and Status section contributes to the author's description of adolescents by highlighting that teenagers begin to rely more on their peers for support. This section recognizes the importance of peer relationships in the lives of teenagers and how they can influence their acceptance or rejection in the social hierarchy.

Paragraph 8 is effective in supporting the development of ideas in this text because it introduces a new perspective on the motivations behind bullying. It discusses the role of peer support in bullying situations, which adds depth to the understanding of why bullying occurs.

Answer 2

a) The central idea of the text is that bullying harms the victim in various ways but the bully is harmed as well.

b) The quote that best supports the answer to Part A is: "Bullying harms the victim in various ways but the bully is harmed as well."

c) The statement that best identifies how the text describes the relationship between bullying and middle school is: b) Participation in bullying may be part of the process of adapting to the culture of middle school and changes by age and gender through eighth grade.

d) The contribution of the Peer Acceptance and Status section is: b) It highlights that teenagers begin to rely more on their peers for support.

e) Paragraph 8 is effective in supporting the development of ideas as: c) It introduces a new perspective on the motivations behind bullying.

Step-by-step explanation:

The central idea is identified as the reciprocal harm to both the victim and the bully. The supporting quote is provided. The relationship between bullying and middle school is correctly described. The contribution of the Peer Acceptance and Status section is explained, and the effectiveness of paragraph 8 is discussed.