Answer: A) Economic
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is not very clear but it seems to be talking about how Europeans sought to dominate the Silk and Spice routes that the Arabs dominated. They turned to finding new routes to get to Asia such as sailing around Africa.
This caused the importance of some sea ports to decline as the spice volume going through them decreased. This most probably affected their economies because less trade meant less prosperity for the inhabitants of the sea ports who would have benefitted from trading with and taxing the merchants.