I assume you are learning about right triangle trig.
The three important relations are:
1. adjacent side = cos(x) * hypotenuse
2. opposite side = sin(x) * hypotenuse
3. tan(x) = opposite side / adjacent side
The adjacent side is the side adjacent to the angle x and the opposite side is opposite of angle x. I assume you know how to identify the hypotenuse.
Lastly let me just give you an example of how I would solve one of your problems and then you can take it from there.
For question 6 you know an angle is 30 degrees. You know the length of the side opposite to the angle and you want to find the length of the hypotenuse.
Equation 2 relates all three of these pieces of information. Using equation 2,
9 = sin(30)*x
x = 9/sin(30) = 9/(1/2) = 18