Final answer:
Dewey's statement on education's ideal aim emphasizes the importance of self-regulation, critical thinking, and informed decision-making as means to personal autonomy and social responsibility. Education is seen as a path to both social control and personal freedom, cultivating individuals capable of contributing meaningfully to a democratic society.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Dewey's assertion that "the ideal aim of education is creation of power of self-control" speaks to several interrelated concepts regarding education's role in society. It suggests an education that fosters self-regulation and critical thinking, enabling individuals to act with autonomy and make informed decisions. Education is thereby viewed as a mechanism for social control and personal liberation, facilitating outward freedom through the development of an individual's own reflection and judgment.
In terms of social control, the education system can establish social norms and values, guiding behavior in a way that maintains order and stability. Yet, Dewey's ideal goes beyond mere conformity, promoting an environment where students learn to control their impulses (as in Mischel's marshmallow test) and engage with societal issues critically. Thus, education not only transmits cultural values but also empowers citizens to contribute effectively to democratic society.
With respect to outward freedom, Dewey envisions an education that liberates individuals by equipping them with the tools for independent thought and action. As students learn to exercise self-control, they become capable of exercising freedom responsibly, making choices based on reflection rather than impulse.
Lastly, the development of an individual's capacity for reflection and judgment is fundamental to Dewey's educational philosophy. By encouraging an informed citizenry through education, critical thinking becomes habitual, allowing individuals to assess situations, make decisions, and take actions that are reflective of their own morals and understanding of the world. This fosters not only personal growth but societal progress towards more enlightened and just communities.