Final answer:
The three main types of meristematic tissue in vascular seed plants are: apical meristem, which allows for lengthwise growth; lateral meristem, facilitating growth in girth; and intercalary meristem, aiding in leaf blade lengthening in monocots. These tissues differentiate into various permanent tissues, contributing to primary and secondary growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three main types of meristematic tissue in vascular seed plants are apical meristem, lateral meristem, and intercalary meristem. The apical meristem is found at the tips of stems and roots and enables plants to extend in length. The lateral meristem helps plants grow in thickness or girth, and is responsible for a process known as secondary growth. Lastly, the intercalary meristem, which is mainly found in monocots, is situated at the bases of leaf blades and nodes, aiding in the lengthening of the leaf blade.
Meristematic tissues give rise to different permanent tissues upon differentiation. For instance, the protoderm evolves into the epidermis, the ground meristem translates into ground tissue, and the procambium develops into xylem and phloem, which are parts of the vascular tissue. Apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems are considered primary meristems because they facilitate primary growth, which is the increase in length or height of the plant.