Final answer:
Sociological factors such as peer pressure, fear of punishment, and desire for approval influence an individual's decision-making process, often resulting in conforming behaviors. Societies impose moral codes that individuals typically adhere to, due to habits and internalized social instincts, which guide their actions and justifications for them.
Step-by-step explanation:
Maurice might come up with an excuse that can be understood in the context of sociological concepts like peer pressure, fear of punishment, and desire for approval. These factors often influence behavior and decision-making in social settings. For example, people join utilitarian organizations often for tangible benefits, according to sociologists, which can apply pressure on individuals to conform to certain behaviors. Similarly, the concept of the power elite suggests that celebrities might feel their status protects them from the consequences of their actions. Teenagers conforming to social norms when buying clothes is likely a result of peer pressure and the desire for approval, while individuals in small groups may conform due to a stronger presence of peer pressure, less opportunity to free ride, and easier monitoring of behavior. In Asch's study on conformity, the ability to resist conforming was enhanced by having an ally, a small group size, or keeping answers private.
Morals and conscience, as proposed by philosophers and sociologists, also play a critical role in our decisions and behavior. People's habitual convictions and moral sense, often influenced by social instincts and sympathy, guide their actions, despite the influence of peers. A businessman attributing value to hard work over a raise signifies internal moral reasoning. Ultimately, actions can be driven by personal beliefs that an act provides some form of benefit, despite societal views of that act.