Final answer:
A dysfunction refers to an element or process in society that disrupts the social system or reduces stability. Dysfunctions can lead to societal tensions and require changes to restore or seek new equilibrium.
Step-by-step explanation:
An element or process of society that may actually disrupt the social system or reduce its stability is known as a dysfunction. Dysfunctions are social patterns that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society. In the context of functionalism, every part of society contributes to the overall dynamic equilibrium, a stable state where all parts work together properly. However, when certain social patterns, such as inequality among racial or ethnic groups, lead to societal tensions and conflicts, they are identified as dysfunctions. This reflects a temporary dysfunction in the social system that can impede the society's ability to maintain stability and may require societal changes to restore equilibrium or seek a new one, as has been seen in historical events like the 2020 protests for racial justice.