Final answer:
Wegener was studying climate in Greenland when he began formulating his continental drift theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country that Alfred Wegener was studying climate in when he first started to formulate his ideas about continental drift was Greenland. Wegener was fascinated by Greenland from an early age, and this fascination led to his studies regarding Earth's weather and ultimately to his involvement with meteorology and astronomy. Wegener's observations and research while in Greenland contributed to the foundational ideas that would eventually culminate in his hypothesis of continental drift and the existence of a former supercontinent, Pangaea.