Final answer:
Lewis Terman invented the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales by standardizing and norming the original Binet test, which was crucial in the history of intelligence testing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lewis Terman, a professor at Stanford, invented the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales based on the Binet test. Terman revised Alfred Binet's original work and standardized it, which means he made sure the test was administered in a consistent way across a large, representative sample to yield a normal distribution of scores (often visualized as a bell curve). Terman's modifications included norming the test, which involves establishing average scores for each age group based on testing thousands of children. The Stanford-Binet is an important foundation in the history of intelligence testing, which began with Binet and continues today with instruments like the Wechsler scales.