Final answer:
The statement is true; the Ogallala Formation is present at and below the surface in parts of the Midwest, including Kansas, and is a key geological feature representing the High Plains aquifer.
Step-by-step explanation:
True: The Ogallala Formation, also known as the High Plains aquifer, is a large water-bearing formation that spans parts of the Midwest, including Kansas. This aquifer consists of layers of sand, silt, and rock that were eroded from the Rocky Mountains and are thus geologically younger, dating to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. In areas like Kansas, these layers can be found both at the surface and below the surface, and they play a crucial role in providing irrigation water for agriculture, as well as drinking water for the region. Consequently, modern drilling often penetrates these layers to access not only water but also oil and gas deposits that may be present in underlying rock formations.Regarding the Great Plains Province, this expanse is largely composed of undeformed sedimentary rocks, which include the Ogallala Formation amongst others. The geology of the Central U.S. is also characterized by the Interior Lowlands Province, which consists largely of Paleozoic marine rocks that have been shaped by glaciers and rivers over time.