Final answer:
The correct answer is options B) Gravity, C) Adverse Policy, and D) Potential Consequences. Commanders file an SIR based on the significance of the incident, potential policy impacts, and the consequences that may concern the Army Headquarters, not just the nature of the incident.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option B) Gravity, C) Adverse Policy, and D) Potential Consequences. Commanders are expected to file a Serious Incident Report (SIR) when incidents have significant gravity, could lead to an adverse policy, or have potential consequences that may concern the Headquarters, Department of the Army. The nature of the incident alone, or option A), is not specified as a criterion for reporting although it may be an implicit factor when considering the other three criteria.
These criteria focus on maintaining military discipline, assessing the strength of forces, correcting faults of generals, and ensuring that military intelligence operations comply with legal and policy standards. The lessons imparted from sources such as Sun Tzu's The Art of War, regarding the outcomes of battle based on discipline, strength, and leadership, also reflect on the critical nature of recognizing and reporting incidents that may have far-reaching implications.