Final answer:
To strengthen long-term memory, students should engage in elaborative rehearsal, use the self-reference effect, and practice distributed study habits, along with regular rehearsal to enhance memory consolidation.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to strengthen long-term memory, students should study course material by using methods such as elaborative rehearsal, the self-reference effect, and distributed practice. Elaborative rehearsal involves deeply processing information by linking it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful. For example, relating the hippocampus to a 'hippopotamus with excellent memory' can help solidify the memory of its role in memory processing. By applying the self-reference effect, students can make material personally meaningful, helping to create a web of retrieval cues for easier access later on. Additionally, distributed practice, which means studying across time in shorter durations, allows for memory consolidation and prevents the cramming that could hinder recalling information. Regularly rehearsing the material over time in spaced and organized study sessions also aids in moving information from short-term to long-term memory.