Final answer:
The recommended medication for managing hyperglycemia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is insulin, due to its safety and efficacy during pregnancy. Pharmacogenetics may influence individual responses to medications, and if lifestyle changes are insufficient, an endocrinologist may prescribe insulin injections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The recommended medication for hyperglycemia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is insulin. While metformin and glyburide are oral medications that can be used in certain cases, insulin is often preferred due to its effectiveness and safety profile during pregnancy. Insulin injections help to decrease blood glucose levels by facilitating the transport and storage of glucose, especially after consuming a meal high in glucose.
Each patient's treatment may vary due to individual responses to medications, which can be influenced by pharmacogenetics. Factors like genetic differences and the presence of other health conditions must be considered when choosing the most appropriate treatment. If lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise are insufficient in managing blood glucose levels, insulin injections may be prescribed by endocrinologists to ensure both maternal and fetal health during pregnancy.