Final answer:
A torque converter in an automatic transmission keeps the engine from stalling and multiplies torque, while advanced technologies like 7+ speeds, DCTs, and CVTs enhance fuel economy and reduce emissions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The component that keeps an automatic transmission from stalling out without the driver pushing in a clutch pedal and multiplies torque is called a torque converter. Automatic transmissions, including those with advanced technologies like 7+ speeds, dual clutch transmissions (DCTs), and continuously variable transmissions (CVTs), are designed to improve fuel economy and reduce CO₂ emissions. The torque converter allows the engine to stay running at a stop and provides smother shifting, while technologies like DCTs and CVTs offer a more efficient power transfer, which contributes to the overall fuel efficiency and lowered emissions of the vehicle.