Final answer:
The client with cervical cancer receiving intracavity radiation (brachytherapy) should be placed in the private room to minimize radiation exposure to other patients and healthcare workers due to the radioactive material used during the procedure.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine which client should be placed in the private room in the oncology unit, it's crucial to consider the treatments each client is receiving and the nature of those treatments in terms of isolation requirements and radiation safety. Of the four clients, patient D, the client with cervical cancer who is receiving intracavity radiation, commonly known as brachytherapy, should be placed in the private room. Brachytherapy involves placing a radioactive source inside or next to the area requiring treatment, which in the case of cervical cancer, is typically administered through a device inserted into the vagina to deliver radiation directly to the cervix.
Placing this client in a private room is vital as the radioactive material used can cause the patient to emit radiation, potentially exposing others to unnecessary radiation. Unlike patient A receiving chemotherapy or patient B undergoing external beam radiation, where exposure risk to others is minimal, patient D's treatment poses a potential safety issue due to the temporary insertion of radioisotopes.
Patient C, who has undergone a transurethral resection for prostate cancer, is not undergoing a treatment that emits radiation and therefore doesn't require the same level of isolation as intracavity radiation therapy.