Question

A client has recently been placed on corticosteroids as treatment for ulcerative colitis. the nurse should monitor the client's laboratory results for evidence of which condition?

a. hypernatremia
b. hypercalcemia
c. hyperglycemia
d. hyperkalemia

Answer 1

Nurses should monitor for hypokalemia in clients on corticosteroids for ulcerative colitis, as these medications promote sodium retention and excretion of potassium, which can decrease potassium levels.

Step-by-step explanation:

A client recently starting corticosteroid therapy for ulcerative colitis should be monitored for potential changes in electrolyte balances. Specifically, the nurse should watch for evidence of hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia. Corticosteroids can impact the balance of electrolytes by promoting the retention of sodium and water while facilitating the excretion of potassium (K+), hydrogen (H+), and ammonium (NH4+) in the kidney. This action resembles that of mineralocorticoids and can consequently lead to a decrease in potassium levels, making regular monitoring of potassium critical to prevent related complications.

Corticosteroids' action to suppress the immune system and inhibit inflammation underlies their therapeutic use in treating various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, this immunosuppressive effect also increases susceptibility to infections, necessitating vigilance when prescribing this class of medication. Thus, while supporting the management of ulcerative colitis, the balancing act of managing potential side effects, such as hypokalemia, is vital to maintain overall patient health.