Final answer:
The term for a statement describing but not explaining a natural event or phenomenon, often represented with a mathematical equation, is a mathematical model.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for a statement describing but not explaining a natural event or phenomenon, often represented with a mathematical equation, is a mathematical model. Mathematical models use mathematical concepts, such as equations, to describe and predict real-world phenomena. These models can be used to answer questions and make predictions with a high degree of precision. For example, space agencies use mathematical models to predict the exact amount of thrust that a rocket needs to break away from Earth's gravity and achieve orbit.