Final answer:
Marcus Garvey was deported in 1923 due to mail fraud connected to his Black Star Steamship Line and the financial mismanagement of his ventures within the UNIA. Despite his deportation, Garvey's legacy continued to inspire future civil rights movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marcus Garvey was convicted and deported in 1923 for his involvement in activities related to mail fraud. Garvey, a fervent advocate for Pan-Africanism and the empowerment of African Americans, founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and the Black Star Steamship Line as part of his efforts to promote a return of African Americans to Africa. However, his ambitious projects faced significant financial problems, and he made several questionable promises to his investors, which eventually led to his conviction for mail fraud, imprisonment, and subsequent deportation.
Garvey's movement was highly influential; it nurtured a sense of black pride and laid the groundwork for future civil rights movements, despite the financial mismanagement that overshadowed his more noble goals. His deportation marked the end of a significant chapter in the fight against racial prejudice and for the establishment of a strong, united black community.