Final answer:
The science of teaching aligns with quantitative elements by focusing on measurable data, while the art of teaching is associated with qualitative elements that center on subjective experiences and creative expression.
Step-by-step explanation:
The science of teaching is often viewed as incorporating more quantitative elements, whereas the art of teaching is said to involve a greater emphasis on qualitative elements. This distinction draws on the idea that the science of teaching looks for empirical, measurable evidence to inform practice—much like how chemistry uses quantities to express amounts and relationships between substances. For instance, looking at test scores or data analysis to drive instructional methods is a quantitative approach. On the other hand, the art of teaching tends to value the subjective, creative, and nuanced aspects of instruction, such as building relationships with students or crafting engaging and thought-provoking lessons, which are qualitative in nature and harder to measure.
So, when completing the sentence: "Science of teaching is to _____ elements as art of teaching is to _____ elements," the correct answer is b) Quantitative, qualitative.
Differences between qualitative and quantitative data can be seen across various scientific disciplines, such as chemistry's use of measurements to define the properties of substances. In the social sciences, qualitative assessments are more common when studying human behavior and social interactions, emphasizing the qualitative nature of the art of teaching.