Final answer:
Crossing HH with Hh leads to offspring with at least one dominant allele H, displaying the dominant hair phenotype. Genetics questions utilize Mendelian principles, such as the Punnett square and product rule, to predict offspring traits. The forked-line method, combined with the product rule, helps predict probabilities in more complex genetic crosses.
Step-by-step explanation:
When you cross individuals with genotypes HH and Hh, assuming that 'H' represents the dominant allele for hair type, we can predict the offspring's hair type using a simple Punnett square. Here, 'HH' indicates that the individual has homozygous dominant alleles and will have the dominant hair phenotype, while 'Hh' indicates that the individual is heterozygous. In this case, all the offspring will inherit at least one dominant 'H' allele, which means they will all express the dominant hair phenotype, whether it be curly, straight, or wavy, depending on which trait 'H' represents.
To address further questions related to genetics, such as the probability of a trait's occurrence or the outcome of different genetic crosses, we apply principles of Mendelian inheritance, such as the Punnett square, product rule, and independent assortment. For example, crossing Aa with Aa individuals leads to a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1 (one AA, two Aa, and one aa) and typically a phenotypic ratio following the 3:1 rule considering dominant and recessive traits.
The forked-line method is another technique used to predict the probability of inheriting multiple traits. When dealing with dihybrid or trihybrid crosses, the forked-line diagram simplifies the prediction process by applying the product rule to determine the combined probabilities of independent traits.