Final answer:
The importance of the brain in relation to mental events and behaviors was highlighted by the field of neuroscience and epitomized by the cognitive revolution in the 1950s, affirming the statement as true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assertion that the importance of the brain in giving rise to mental events and behaviors was first made clear to psychologists by those who studied neuroscience is true. The cognitive revolution of the 1950s marked a shift in psychology, reinvigorating interest in the mind after a period dominated by behaviorism. Researchers in linguistics, neuroscience, and computer science brought about a renewed focus on cognitive processes, contributing to an understanding of the mind as central to scientific inquiry. This was further solidified with Ulric Neisser's publication of 'Cognitive Psychology' in 1967, which became a fundamental text in the field.
It's essential to differentiate the brain from the mind, as this is part of the longstanding mind-body problem. While the brain is the physical substrate for our mental life, the exact nature of the relationship between mental states and neurological activity remains a complex and somewhat mysterious connection. Nonetheless, psychological and cognitive scientific research helps us understand thinking processes, underlining the importance of the brain in these mental events and behaviors.