Final answer:
Medicare offers different choices, including Parts A, B, C, and D. Medicare is funded through payroll taxes, premiums, and government revenue. Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) are utilized by those with low incomes. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) aims to increase access to insurance and improve healthcare. The ACA includes reforms such as Medicaid expansion and the establishment of health insurance marketplaces. The FY 2020 HHS budget funds various healthcare programs.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. The difference between the Medicare choices can be explained as follows:
- Medicare Part A: This covers hospital stays, skilled nursing facility care, hospice care, and some home health care services. It is usually premium-free for people who have paid Medicare taxes for a certain number of years.
- Medicare Part B: This covers doctor visits, outpatient care, preventive services, and some medical supplies. It requires a monthly premium.
- Medicare Part C: This is also known as Medicare Advantage and is offered by private insurance companies. It combines Parts A and B and often includes prescription drug coverage.
- Medicare Part D: This is prescription drug coverage and can be added to original Medicare or a Medicare Advantage plan.
2. Medicare is funded through a combination of payroll taxes, premium payments from beneficiaries, and general government revenue.
3. Medicaid is utilized by individuals who have low incomes and meet certain eligibility requirements. The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) can be utilized by children from low-income families.
4. Two objectives of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) are to increase access to affordable health insurance and to improve the quality of healthcare.
5. Four healthcare delivery reforms of the ACA include:
- Expansion of Medicaid eligibility
- Establishment of health insurance marketplaces
- Implementation of essential health benefits
- Introduction of accountable care organizations
6. The FY 2020 HHS (Department of Health and Human Services) budget funds are allocated to various programs and initiatives, including Medicare, Medicaid, public health programs, research, and substance abuse treatment.