Final answer:
When one person is performing CPR on a child and two others arrive, one should call emergency services if not already done, while the other can assist with CPR or help prepare for additional procedures. Trained individuals may take turns to ensure high-quality chest compressions are maintained.
Step-by-step explanation:
When 1 person is performing CPR on a child and two others arrive, it is important to first assess the situation. If the first person is trained and performing CPR correctly, one of the newcomers should immediately call for emergency medical services (if this has not already been done). The other person could be directed to help by preparing for additional emergency procedures or by assisting in the CPR if trained and necessary. If the first responder is tiring, one of the newly arrived individuals who is trained can take over chest compressions to maintain high-quality chest compressions, keeping to the current standard of at least 5 cm deep at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. Proper CPR technique also includes positioning the hands on the sternum between the lines at T4 and T9. This manual compression of the heart is crucial for maintaining blood flow, particularly to the brain, to prevent irreversible damage and death of neurons, which can occur within minutes of loss of blood flow. The importance of performing CPR correctly cannot be overstated because improper technique can cause severe injury to the patient, including broken ribs or damage to the liver if the hands are placed too low on the sternum. Therefore, it is recommended that all capable persons receive and maintain certification in CPR through accredited courses.