Final Answer:
The medication used to prevent blood clot formation in patients with atrial fibrillation (a-fib) or pulmonary embolism, decrease the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with atherosclerosis, and reduce the risk of stroke is Streptokinase. Thus the correct option is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent that works by breaking down blood clots. It is used in the management of conditions such as atrial fibrillation (a-fib) and pulmonary embolism to prevent the formation of blood clots. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in decreasing the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with atherosclerosis by promoting the dissolution of blood clots in coronary arteries. Moreover, its ability to dissolve clots is beneficial in reducing the risk of stroke, making it a versatile medication in addressing various cardiovascular conditions.
Contrastingly, the other options listed—Nitroglycerin, Lotensin, and Losartan—do not possess thrombolytic properties. Nitroglycerin is primarily used for angina to relieve chest pain by dilating blood vessels, while Lotensin and Losartan are angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), respectively, employed for managing hypertension. None of these alternatives directly address the prevention of blood clot formation or serve as thrombolytic agents, highlighting the specificity of Streptokinase in the context of preventing and treating cardiovascular complications associated with clot formation. Thus the correct option is D.