Final answer:
The Automated Radar Terminal System (ARTS) is a computer-based system used in air traffic control to provide warnings and alerts to controllers. An MSAW alert indicates that an aircraft is predicted to enter an area where its altitude could be lower than a safe altitude. The controller must take immediate action to prevent a potential collision or hazardous situation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Automated Radar Terminal System (ARTS) is a computer-based system used in air traffic control to manage and monitor radar information. It can be programmed to provide warnings and alerts to controllers to help them identify potential problems.
An MSAW (Minimum Safe Altitude Warning) alert is one of the alerts provided by the ARTS. It is triggered when an aircraft is predicted to enter an area where its altitude could be lower than a predetermined safe altitude. The controller sees this alert on their display, indicating the need for immediate attention to avoid a potential collision or hazardous situation.
For example, if an aircraft is descending and its altitude is approaching a dangerous level in relation to the terrain or other obstacles, the ARTS will generate an MSAW alert for the controller to intervene and take necessary action, such as issuing altitude adjustments or routing instructions, to maintain a safe separation.