Final answer:
The statement that Pope Julius II aimed to revive ancient Rome's glory through military campaigns and art patronage is true. He sought to strengthen the papacy's influence and his legacy by undertaking the ambitious project of rebuilding St Peter's Basilica and engaging in political actions as a military leader.
Step-by-step explanation:
The assertion that Pope Julius II was motivated by a desire to revive the glory of ancient Rome through his military campaigns and patronage of the arts is True. As a powerful and controversial pope, Julius II's tenure was marked by significant actions both in ecclesiastical and political arenas.
Pope Julius II's ambition regarding the papacy and his own legacy can be illustrated through his commissioning of Bramante to reconstruct St Peter's Basilica, which necessitated the demolition of the older basilica. This move reflects his far-reaching vision to restore Rome as a center of Christian and cultural preeminence, akin to its ancient grandeur.
In terms of military actions and political maneuvering, Popes during this era often wielded temporal power. Julius II was no exception, as he not only acted as a spiritual leader but also commanded armies and engaged in political conflicts. His tenure was located within a period where church corruption, including simony and nepotism, was prevalent, and the line between spiritual duties and worldly affairs was frequently blurred. As such, Julius II's efforts in the arts and military were part of a broader trend of papal figures actively shaping political landscapes and cultural legacies.