Final answer:
The transition from primary to secondary protein structure involves the formation of hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms of amino acids, leading to the creation of regular structures like alpha-helices or beta-pleated sheets.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option : b
which result in the protein's secondary structure as either an alpha-helix or a beta-pleated sheet.mThe primary structure is just the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain, and transition to the secondary structure involves the amino acids forming hydrogen bonds with each other. This leads to the creation of regular, repeated patterns in the protein, known as secondary structure. The two most common types of secondary structures are the alpha-helix and the beta-pleated sheet.
No new peptide bonds are formed during this transition; those are already set during the primary structure. Lastly, folding is an overarching term that includes protein structure changes up to the tertiary level and denaturation, although related, refers to the loss of these structures, rather than their formation. The primary structure, which is the sequence of amino acids, forms secondary structures such as alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets through hydrogen bonding. These secondary structures then fold and bond further to form the tertiary structure.