Final answer:
Contraindications for external cephalic version (ECV) and internal version include placenta previa, uterine anomalies, abnormal fetal heart tracing, oligohydramnios, multiple gestations with the first twin not head down, ruptured membranes, and significant vaginal bleeding.
Step-by-step explanation:
External cephalic version (ECV) and internal version are procedures used to correct fetal malposition, typically to turn a fetus from a breech or transverse position to a cephalic position for birth. There are specific contraindications for performing these procedures. Contraindications include situations where there is a higher risk of complications, such as placental abnormalities including placenta previa, uterine anomalies, or if there is abnormal fetal heart tracing suggesting fetal distress. Other contraindications might be oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid), multiple gestations (especially if the first twin is not head down), ruptured membranes, or significant vaginal bleeding. It is essential that a healthcare provider evaluates the presence of any contraindications before attempting an ECV or internal version.