Final answer:
Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disorder causing thick mucus accumulation in the lungs due to a faulty CFTR gene leading to chloride transport dysfunction. This results in respiratory infections and digestive malabsorptions. The correct option is a).
Step-by-step explanation:
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of mucus to accumulate in the lungs. CF is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by a defective CFTR gene, which leads to the production of defective proteins that impair the transfer of chloride ions.
This dysfunction prevents proper osmotic pressure from drawing water into the mucus, leading to abnormally thick and sticky secretions.
Such secretions impede the function of ciliated epithelia and result in blocked airways, making individuals more susceptible to recurrent lung infections and respiratory issues, as well as malabsorption in the digestive tract. Option a) is the correct one.