Question

(true/false) no explanations needed.

(a) frictional heating is not an issue for reversibility since it can be removed with a cold reservoir [1 pt].
(b) kelvin-planck statement is equivalent to clausius statement [1 pt].
(c) isobaric compression of ideal gas is reversible [1 pt].
(d) heat never flows from cold to warm under any circumstances [1 pt].
(e) the carnot cycle can only be realized with ideal gas [1 pt].

Answer 1

Frictional heating is an issue for reversibility (False), the Kelvin-Planck statement is equivalent to the Clausius statement (True), isobaric compression of an ideal gas can be reversible (True), heat can flow from cold to warm with external work (False), and the Carnot cycle isn't limited to ideal gases (False).

Step-by-step explanation:

(a) False. While frictional heating can be removed with a cold reservoir, it does introduce irreversibilities into the process, and therefore it is an issue for reversibility.

(b) True. The Kelvin-Planck statement is equivalent to the Clausius statement because if either one is false, the other must also be false.

(c) True. An isobaric compression of an ideal gas can be reversible if it is done quasi-statically so that the system is always in thermodynamic equilibrium and there is no friction or turbulence.

(d) False. Heat can flow from cold to warm with external work, as in the case of a refrigerator or a heat pump.

(e) False. A Carnot cycle can be realized with any working substance that behaves reversibly, not just an ideal gas.