Final answer:
The Federalists argued for a new charter that would replace the Articles of Confederation because they lacked a strong central government. Hence the correct answer is option B
Step-by-step explanation:
The Federalists argued for a new charter that would replace the Articles of Confederation because the Articles of Confederation lacked a strong central government (option B). The weakness of the central government under the Articles of Confederation became evident as it was unable to effectively address economic issues, such as the national debt and economic downturn, which led to the need for a stronger government. The Federalists believed that a stronger central government was necessary for the nation's stability and prosperity.