Final answer:
The SMAW electrode, also known as a stick, is made of a metal core and a flux coating, which serve as the filler material and protective shield, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The SMAW electrode, commonly known as a 'stick', is an essential component of the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process. It is made of two primary items: a metal core and a flux coating. The metal core acts as the filler material that is melted to form the weld. The flux coating, on the other hand, serves a protective purpose. When the electrode is used, the coating decomposes and forms a gaseous shield, protecting the molten weld from atmospheric contaminants. Furthermore, the flux creates which covers the hot weld and can also modify the metallurgical properties of the weld metal.