Final answer:
In case of failure due to an un-airworthy component, an aircraft must be stabilized using emergency protocols, landed safely, and reported to an aviation authority. The aircraft must then be grounded, the component rectified, and the aircraft inspected for airworthiness before it can be returned to service, possibly after a test flight.
Step-by-step explanation:
If an aircraft fails because of an un-airworthy component, immediate action is required to ensure the safety of the flight and compliance with aviation regulations. The pilot in command must firstly follow the aircraft's emergency procedures which are designed to handle in-flight anomalies. Once the situation is under control and the aircraft is landed, a critical step is to report the incident to the appropriate aviation authority, such as the FAA in the United States. The aircraft must be grounded and not flown until the un-airworthy component has been identified and rectified. This involves an inspection by a certified aircraft mechanic or engineer. The failed component must be repaired or replaced, followed by a thorough inspection to ascertain the aircraft's airworthiness. Before the aircraft can return to service, it may also be necessary to perform a test flight without passengers to ensure that the issue has been resolved.
Reporting and Maintenance Steps:
Follow the aircraft's emergency procedures to stabilize the situation.
Land the aircraft as safely as possible.
Report the incident to the aviation authority.
Ground the aircraft until repairs are made.
Identify and rectify the failed component.
Conduct a complete airworthiness inspection.
Perform a test flight if required before returning the aircraft to service.
Throughout this process, it is crucial to adhere to all aviation safety rules and regulations, to document all repairs and inspections, and to prioritize the safety of future passengers and crew.