Final answer:
Implied powers are derived from the 'elastic clause' and allow the national government to carry out its responsibilities effectively. Inherent powers are historically recognized as essential for the government to operate.
Step-by-step explanation:
Implied powers are powers that are not specifically listed in the Constitution but are assumed or implied to be present. They are logical extensions of the expressed powers and are derived from the 'elastic clause' in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. These powers allow the national government to carry out its functions and responsibilities effectively.
Inherent powers are powers that naturally belong to the national government as a sovereign entity. These powers are not expressly stated in the Constitution but are historically recognized as essential for the government to operate. They include the power to acquire territory, conduct foreign affairs, and defend the country against internal and external threats.