Final answer:
The story 'Dark They Were and Golden-Eyed' by Ray Bradbury does not specify a military conflict between the USA and another nation; it's a science fiction tale likely influenced by Cold War themes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the literary work Dark They Were and Golden-Eyed by Ray Bradbury, the focus is not on a specific earthly conflict between the USA and another country; rather, it is a science fiction story set on Mars. However, considering the historical context in which Bradbury was writing, especially during the Cold War era, it could be interpreted that the underlying tensions in the story might reflect the Cold War conflicts between the United States and the Soviet Union. The storyline itself centers around a group of humans who have colonized Mars and the subtle psychological and physical transformations they undergo in the foreign environment, rather than a direct military engagement with another nation.