Final answer:
Nucleotide excision repair involves recognizing and removing damaged bases, and replacing them with correctly paired nucleotides.
Step-by-step explanation:
- Nucleotide excision repair recognizes bulky, helix-distorting changes and single-strand breaks.
- Enzymes make cuts on both the 3' and 5' ends of the damaged base, removing the segment of DNA.
- The segment is replaced with correctly paired nucleotides by the action of DNA polymerase.