Final answer:
Late preterm newborns commonly exhibit Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant, making respiratory distress a commonly observed manifestation that may require interventions like supplemental oxygen. The correct option is C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common manifestations that may be observed in a late preterm newborn include respiratory distress and difficulty feeding. The respiratory distress can result from insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant, which helps in proper lung expansion. This can lead to difficulties in breathing and low blood oxygen levels. Additionally, some newborns may also experience difficulty with feeding, which can be a result of their immature gastrointestinal system.
While assessing a late preterm newborn, the manifestation commonly observed is c) Respiratory distress. Late preterm infants are born before their lungs have fully matured; therefore, they have not produced enough pulmonary surfactant, which is essential for proper lung function. Pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension in the lungs, aiding in their expansion during breathing. A lack of sufficient surfactant leads to Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), making it difficult for the infant's lungs to inflate properly and leading to respiratory distress. This is why premature infants may require supplemental oxygen or other interventions, such as surfactant replacement therapy or maintenance in a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) chamber, to support breathing.