Final answer:
Max Weber was concerned about the rationalization of society and believed in the spread of bureaucracy. Fayol focused on management principles to improve efficiency in organizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Max Weber and Fayol both aimed to achieve different goals in the field of sociology and management. Weber was concerned about the rationalization of society and how it would impact human agency and happiness. He believed that bureaucracy, which he saw as the most rational form of governance, would spread and rule society. On the other hand, Fayol focused on management principles and aimed to improve efficiency and productivity in organizations.
In terms of Weber's perspective, he believed that rationalization would lead to an iron cage, where individuals would be forced to function in a society with rigid rules and norms without the possibility of change. He viewed this as a bleak outcome that would affect people's happiness. Fayol, on the other hand, emphasized the importance of management functions and principles such as planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. He believed that organizations could be effectively managed by following these principles, which would lead to improved performance.