Question

The Na+ electrochemical gradient established by the Na+ pumps in the plasma membrane allows animal cells to:

(A) control their pH.
(B) import nutrients, such as sugars and amino acids.
(C) propagate electrical signals.
(D) stimulate muscle cell contraction.
(E) All of the above
(F) B and C
(G) A and D
(H) A, B, and C

Answer 1

The Na+ electrochemical gradient established by the Na+/K+ ATPase facilitates multiple key functions in animal cells, including pH control, nutrient import, signal propagation, and muscle contraction; therefore, the correct answer is (E) All of the above.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Na+ electrochemical gradient established by the Na+/K+ ATPase in the plasma membrane provides various functions for animal cells, including:

• (A) Regulating the cell's pH balance.
• (B) Importing vital nutrients such as sugars and amino acids through secondary active transport.
• (C) Propagating electrical signals, especially important in nerve cells.
• (D) Stimulating muscle cell contraction.

Considering these essential roles, the correct answer to the question about the functions allowed by the Na+ electrochemical gradient is (E) All of the above. Each point is an integral part of the cell's operation and utilizes the gradient established by the sodium-potassium pump.