Final answer:
The construction of railroads opened up the interior of Latin America to new development, enabling the export of raw materials. However, Latin America did not achieve significant industrialization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The new technology that opened up the interior of Latin America to new development was the construction of railroads.
Although railroads were built, they were mainly short lines that linked the interior regions of Latin America to the coast. These railroads facilitated the export of raw materials, such as cash crops, to the international markets. However, no national rail networks were established like those in the United States and Europe.
This lack of extensive rail networks combined with other factors, such as dependency on foreign investments and the dominance of export economies, prevented Latin America from achieving significant industrialization.