Final Answer:
Iodine is essential in preventing goiter, cretinism, and weight gain, particularly related to thyroid function. While vitamins C, A, and D have important roles in health, they are not specifically associated with preventing these conditions. So, the correct answer is D) Iodine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Iodine and Thyroid Function: Iodine is a crucial component in the production of thyroid hormones. Adequate iodine intake is necessary for the thyroid gland to function properly and regulate metabolism.
Conditions Prevented by Iodine: Goiter, characterized by the enlargement of the thyroid gland, cretinism, a developmental disorder often associated with iodine deficiency during pregnancy, and weight gain due to thyroid dysfunction can be prevented by ensuring sufficient iodine levels.
Exclusion of Vitamins C, A, and D: While vitamins are essential for overall health, the prevention of goiter, cretinism, and weight gain is specifically linked to iodine. Vitamins C, A, and D have important roles but are not directly associated with these thyroid-related conditions.
Therefore, the correct answer is D) Iodine.