Final answer:
Individuals typically become aware of their sexual orientation between middle childhood and early adolescence, with awareness based on emotional and romantic attractions rather than sexual activities. Awareness can occur earlier for some and societal pressures may influence the willingness to disclose one's orientation. Recognition of sexual orientation can also happen at various stages throughout life, including adulthood.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to current scientific understanding, individuals are usually aware of their sexual orientation between middle childhood and early adolescence. The American Psychological Association, in its 2008 report, suggests that this awareness does not require participation in sexual activity, as individuals can recognize their sexual orientation through emotional, romantic, and physical attractions alone. The report also acknowledges the variation in experiences regarding discovering and accepting one's sexual orientation, which can be influenced by social norms and personal readiness. Some individuals, as supported by Calzo's 2018 study, may start to have feelings related to attraction or orientation around the ages of nine or ten, often before these feelings become explicitly sexual. During puberty, some young people might feel comfortable announcing their sexual orientation, while others may hesitate due to societal pressures or fear of discrimination. It's important to note that people can become aware of their true sexual orientation at varying stages of life, including later in adulthood. Research has not definitively determined why people hold a certain sexual orientation, but it does indicate that both homosexuals and bisexuals face disparate treatment in numerous social environments. This variation emphasizes the complex and multifaceted development of sexual orientation across a person's lifespan.