Final answer:
The shoulder joint attaches to the axial skeleton through the sternoclavicular joint (Option B).
Step-by-step explanation:
The shoulder joint attaches to the axial skeleton through the sternoclavicular joint, which connects the clavicle to the sternum. This joint is where the clavicle (collarbone) meets the sternum (breastbone) at its medial end. The shoulder girdle, which consists of the clavicle and the scapula, is essential for attaching each upper limb to the axial skeleton.
While the shoulder joint itself is known as the glenohumeral joint, which is a ball-and-socket joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, it is the sternoclavicular joint that directly connects to the axial skeleton.
Thus, the correct option is B.