Final answer:
Hypertension in older people is diagnosed based on persistent high blood pressure readings of 140/90 mm Hg or above, and routine checks are essential for detection due to its asymptomatic nature.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hypertension is diagnosed when an individual has chronic and persistent high blood pressure readings of 140/90 mm Hg or above. It is often called the 'silent killer' because it typically does not cause noticeable symptoms, which is why regular monitoring is essential. Older people are particularly at risk and may be asymptomatic, making routine blood pressure checks crucial for detection. Primary hypertension accounts for the majority of cases and can be due to genetic and lifestyle factors, while secondary hypertension is usually due to other health conditions such as kidney disease.
To diagnose hypertension, repeated blood pressure measurements are needed to ensure accuracy, as factors like stress and hydration can affect readings. Lifestyle changes, medication, and regular monitoring are key to managing hypertension and reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.