Final answer:
Steinbeck referred to migrant workers as the new gypsies to highlight their nomadic lifestyle and marginalization within society, similar to the historical experiences of the Romani people.
Step-by-step explanation:
Steinbeck described the migrant workers as the new gypsies because they were nomadic and marginalized. The term 'gypsies' historically refers to the Romani people, who are known for their itinerant lifestyle, moving from place to place. In a similar vein, migrant workers often traveled in search of work, lacking a fixed home and frequently facing social exclusion and discrimination. Therefore, Steinbeck’s comparison underscores their constant movement and societal standing, which aligns with option a. They were nomadic and marginalized.