Final answer:
To find how many grams of oxygen will react with 20 g of ammonia, the balanced reaction and molar masses are used to calculate that approximately 46.72 g of oxygen is needed, which is not listed in the provided options.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the grams of oxygen that will react with 20 g of ammonia (NH₃), we can use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between ammonia and oxygen:
4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 4 moles of NH₃ react with 5 moles of O₂. To find out how many grams of O₂ will react with 20 g of NH₃, we need to convert the mass of NH₃ to moles and then use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of O₂ required. Finally, we can convert the moles of O₂ to grams.
Step 1: Convert mass of NH₃ to moles
The molar mass of NH₃ is calculated as follows: N = 14.01 g/mol H = 1.01 g/mol (3 hydrogen atoms) Total molar mass = 14.01 + (1.01 * 3) = 17.04 g/mol
Using the molar mass, we can calculate the number of moles in 20 g of NH₃: Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass Number of moles = 20 g / 17.04 g/mol ≈ 1.17 moles
Step 2: Use mole ratio to find moles of O₂
From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 4 moles of NH₃ react with 5 moles of O₂. Using this ratio, we can calculate the moles of O₂ required: Moles of O₂ = (Moles of NH₃ Coefficient of O₂) / Coefficient of NH₃ Moles of O₂ = (1.17 mol 5) / 4 ≈ 1.46 mol
Step 3: Convert moles of O₂ to grams
Now, we can convert the moles of O₂ to grams using its molar mass:
Oxygen (O₂) molar mass = 32.00 g/mol
Mass of O₂ = Moles x Molar mass
Mass of O₂ = 1.46 mol x 32.00 g/mol ≈ 46.72 g
Therefore, approximately 46.72 grams of oxygen will react with 20 grams of ammonia (NH₃).