Final answer:
Pink Floyd indirectly funded the development of the first CAT scan machine through their profits, which supported their record label EMI's research division. EMI's investment in the technology led to significant medical advancements. Additionally, x-rays were a key innovation of the late nineteenth century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The musical act that indirectly funded the development of the first CAT scan machine was B) Pink Floyd. The band's investment in the company named EMI, which was also the group's record label, led to financial resources that helped develop this crucial medical technology. EMI had a research branch that, thanks to the profits from Pink Floyd's albums, was able to fund the research of Godfrey Hounsfield, who developed the Computed Axial Tomography (CAT) scanner.To answer the second part of the question, an important medical innovation of the late nineteenth century was b. x-rays, discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895, which revolutionized medical diagnostics.